Featured Post

Great Tastes - Mutton Rogan Josh

-
Image
  Recipe from Ruby's Kitchen ( as prepared in Kashmir ) Ingredients Mutton----1/2kg Hing (Asafetida) – 1/4 teaspoon Cinnamon (darchini)- 2 pieces (1” each) Clove (labanga) - 5 pieces Black cardamom (boro elaich) - 3 pieces Whole black pepper  1/2 teaspoon Juice of one whole large onion coriander powder - 1 teaspoon Cumin powder - 1 teaspoon Ratan Jote  - 1 teaspoon Kashmiri Mirch powder – 2/3 Tsp Hung Curd   250gm Fennel  powder - 1teaspoon Ginger powder - 2 teaspoon Vegetable oil – 1 tablespoon Boil 500 gm mutton in roughly 500ml water until soft and keep the stock and the mutton aside. Put a large pan on the gas and add oil. When the oil is hot (but not smoking), add the whole garam masala and black pepper. When the spices start popping, add the meat and slowly add the onion juice. Stir fry on low heat. When meat becomes almost dry and the onion juice has been completely absorbed, add hung curd, coriander powder, cumin powder, fennel powder, asaf...
Post a Comment

LED and Fireflies

-

 From Twinkling of Fireflies to LED - more on Green Light,the Millennium Light!


Twinkle Twinkle little stars. NOW I WONDER WHERE YOU ARE??  Leave aside stars; on a clear night in urban India you do not even get glimpses of fireflies nowadays. Vanished! Magician – Artificial Light Pollutant. Lighting professionals all over the world are relentless in their effort to relive the olden days of mystical star gazing experience on clear nights. The solution lies in LED as light source in general lighting. Reason being it is a tiny light source and thus can be optically controlled in a highly effective manner. Imagine a stadium lit by LED floodlight or all major thoroughfares in a city lit by LED streetlights. No untoward upward light, no glare, no pollution. LED is here and has progressed at a furiously rapid pace since the dawn of this millennium. Recently, scientists inspired by the twinkling of fireflies have modified LED to make it almost one and a half time more efficient than the original. Fireflies are bioluminescent insects and the organs on their abdomens flash light in order to attract their mates. A chemical reaction in photocytes (specialized cells in fireflies) creates light. This light is then emitted through cuticle( a part  of the insect’s exoskeleton).Mismatch in light travel which is slower in cuticle compared to air normally dims the glow as a proportion of light is reflected back into the photocytes. Researchers observed that specimens of fireflies found in Latin America and the United States have unique surface geometry of cuticles. The jagged scales resembling factory roof improve light extraction manifold and minimize internal reflections. This discovery led scientists to develop effective LED coating which could produce more efficient and brighter light output.

http://www.led-professional.com/technology/light-generation/scientists-mimic-fireflies-to-make-brighter-leds/inspiration%20for%20a%20GaN%20LED2.jpg/image_large
This image taken from LED Professionals show:
The misfit scales(bottom right) found on the lantern of the Photuris firefly (top right) are the inspiration for a GaN LED, coated with a "factory-roof" pattern (left) that increased light extraction by more than 50 percent




For more information please refer the original Papers:
• "Improved light extraction in the bioluminescent lantern of a Photuris firefly (Lampyridae),” Optics Express, Vol. 21, Issue 1, pp. 764-780 (2013).
• "An optimal light-extracting overlayer, inspired by the lantern of a Photuris firefly, to improve the external efficiency of existing light-emitting diode,” Optics Express, Vol. 21 Issue S1, pp. A179-A189 (2013).
Credits: The article was originally released on the www.osa.org website.
Reference: LED Professionals.

 

India Kolkata, West Bengal, India

Comments

Anonymous said…
Wow that was unusual. І jus wrote аn extremely loոg
commeոt bսt aftеr I clicked sumit my comment didn'tshow uρ.
Grrrr... well Ӏ'm noot writing all thatt ߋѵer аgain. Regаrdless, just wanteɗ tо say fantastic blog!



Feel free tо surf to my web ρage ... holidays yoga center
8 March 2014 at 12:17
maryann borzillary said…
I got a look at some of your recipes in Istanbul but I wouldn't even know where to begin and know how to make them. Although they are very colorful dishes I hope they don't take long to cook. Interesting site with the animals also Cocker Spaniel and all.

Maryann Borzillary
3 July 2014 at 03:33
Anonymous said…
That is very attention-grabbing, You are an excessively professional
blogger. I have joined your feed and look ahead to searching for extra of your excellent post.

Additionally, I've shared your web site in my social networks

Feel free to visit my page; importance of water in the body pdf
5 August 2014 at 23:59
Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

Granada

-
Image
Granada   ANDALUSIAN SPAIN Granada The bus journey from Madrid to Andalusia was strangely inviting. Andalusia is the southernmost part of Spain, also known as the Iberian Peninsula. The bosky landscape around was wild and cultivated. Cultivated with fleeting patches of olive orchards, which at some places spread far into the horizon? Traversing through the heart of Spain and somewhere at the back of my mind the landscape triggered the swashbuckling identity of the historical country. In search of El Dorado maybe one of the reasons why the Moors from Africa invaded Andalusia after crossing the strait of Gibraltar in the early 8 th century. They ruled this part of Spain till the 15 th century. Spain’s heartland, known as the Meseta, is a large plateau with an average elevation of six hundred meter above sea level is located in the centre of the Iberian Peninsula. Since Madrid lies on this plateau most of the journey up to Granada was through this fas...
Read more

Florence

-
Image
FLORENCE     Florence –  the capital of the Tuscany region and the cradle of Renaissance   We opted for Flix Bus while traveling from Venice to Florence. The road journey takes about three and a half-hour. In Florence, it terminates at the rear end of Santa Maria Novella (SMN) train station. One of Italy’s busiest stations, it got its name from Santa Maria Novella Church just across the plaza from the main entrance. We debarked at the station and refreshed ourselves at McDonald's before hiring a cab for our hotel. Florence, popularly known as ‘Firenze’ by the Italians, is located in central Italy. This dreamy city with a romantic name is the regional capital of the lovely Tuscany region.   Columbus Hotel, where we stayed, is located in Lugarno District. We always prefer to book our hotels through Booking.com as we always land up getting good hotels at good locations. Despite being a little away from the heart of the cit...
Read more

Great Tastes - Pineapple Crab

-
Image
  From Ruby's Kitchen Crab in Pineapple Crab in pineapple served with corn pulao, salad and chutney Recipe & Method of Preparation Ingredients for Crab (dressed) -500 g Onion Paste -  2 tbsp Garlic paste - 1 tbsp Ginger Paste - 1 tbsp Green Chilli paste(deseeded) 6 pcs Tomato paste ( deseeded ) 3 tbsp Coriander 1 tsp, Cumin 1/2 tsp, Fennel 1 tsp, cloves 1 tsp, black pepper 1 tsp, sesame seed 1 tsp. (All spices to be dry roasted and powdered) Grated coconut 4 tbsp ( ground to powder form ), Basil leaves 2  tbsp              Cooking method Crabs to be thoroughly washed and then mixed with turmeric and salt. Sauté the onions and garlic ginger paste using 2 tbsp oil in a kadai till the onions turn light brown. Next, place the crabs in for frying. After about 5 min pour the dry roasted masala and coconut tomato paste. Keep frying till it dries. Add salt to taste. This process should be carried out in low flame. Meanwhile, slit the pineap...
Read more

A Roman Holiday

-
Image
ROMA - Ancient Rome & Papal Rome Imagine going back 2000 years in time and space while standing on the stone floor inside a colossal amphitheater. Amidst thousands of Roman spectators. The booms of drums reverberate as the ceremonial parade enters the stadium. After saying ‘Ave imperator; morituri te salutant’ (those who are about to die salute you) to the Emperor, the gladiatorial combat begins. The crowd shouts jeers and throw their hands up in excitement. 60000 spectators? Like the excitement at Eden Gardens in Calcutta while watching a Cricket match. The gestures, the excitement, the uproar may be different from our present-day Mexican waves. But how does that matter? After all, a stadium is a venue for entertainment – be it the bloodiest sport in the history of mankind. And how the Romans loved watching violence and killings. Historians remain befuddled as to how Romans who are regarded as the precursor of human civilization could have indulged and e...
Read more